==============================================================================
Q C C P A C K
Version 0.63, 04-jul-2021
Copyright (C) 1997-2021 James E. Fowler
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Version 0.63
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Version 0.62
SPIHT and SPECK modules were merged into the main distribution.
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Version 0.61
Minor changes.
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Version 0.60
Minor changes.
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Version 0.59
Minor changes.
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Version 0.58
Added reversible KLT, KLT+3D-TCE coder for three-dimensional data,
lossless 3D-TCE coder for three-dimensional data, and lossless
KLT+3D-TCE coder for three-dimensional data.
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Version 0.57
Added timer routines, vector angle measures.
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Version 0.56
Add the DCT-TCE image coder.
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Version 0.55:
Added libQccPackHYP standard module, including spectral PCA for
hyperspectral imagery.
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Version 0.54:
Several minor bugs have been fixed.
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Version 0.53:
Added integer-valued wavelet transforms.
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Version 0.52:
Several minor bugs have been fixed.
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Version 0.51:
Man-page documentation has been completed for the image processing and
manipulation routines in QccPackIMG.
RGB to YUV color-space conversion has been corrected; previously
U and V chrominance values were not scaled in accordance with the
official PAL specification.
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Version 0.50:
Added motion estimation and compensation using regular triangle meshes.
Added the 3D-WDR coder for three-dimensional data.
Several minor bugs have been fixed.
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Version 0.49:
Added the spatial-block video coder and exponential-Golomb entropy coding.
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Version 0.48:
An extensive body of code has been added to the QccPackVID module to
provide routines for motion estimation and motion compensation. These
routines provide subpixel-accurate motion-estimation accuracy down to
one-eighth pixel, while both bilinear interpolation and arbitrary
interpolation filtering are supported for the creation of subpixel-accurate
reference frames.
Support for the calculation and checking of CRC codes has been added to
the QccPackECC module. Additionally, routines for trellis codes and
Viterbi decoding have been added to this module as well. All of these
additions are undocumented at this point in time, but hopefully will have
man pages in the near future.
The QccFifo structure has been added to provide memory-based fifo
capabilities.
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Version 0.47:
The TCE algorithm (Tian and Hemami 2004) for image coding has been added.
Golomb coding, a lossless entropy coder, has been added.
The 3D-BISK coder (Rucker and Fowler 2004) for three-dimensional data
with arbitrary shape has been added.
The RWMH video-coding algorithm (Cui, Wang, Fowler 2003) has been added.
Several minor bugs have been fixed.
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Version 0.46:
The standard module QccPackVID has been added to the main distribution. The
intention is that this module will contain some recent video-coding
algorithms, focusing specifically on wavelet-based techniques. At this
time, though, the RDWT-block algorithm (Park and Kim 2000) is the only
method currently implemented.
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Version 0.45:
The 3D tarp coder (Wang, Rucker, Fowler 2003) for three-dimensional data
has been added, and a few minor bugs have been fixed.
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Version 0.44:
A number of new routines and data structures have been added for handling
compression of three-dimensional data. Specifically, a QccVolume data
type generalizes QccMatrix to 3D, and QccIMGImageCube generalizes
QccIMGImageComponent to 3D volumetric images. Additionally, 3D wavelet
transforms for both dyadic and wavelet-packet decompositions have been
added, as well as a QccWAVSubbandPyramid3D subband-pyramid structure.
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Version 0.43:
The BISK (Fowler 2003) image coder has been added, and a few minor bugs
have been fixed.
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Version 0.42:
A substantial change has been made to the interface of all DWT routines
(QccWAVWaveletLWT(), QccWAVWaveletInverseLWT(),
QccWAVWaveletLWT2D(), QccWAVWaveletInverseLWT2D(),
QccWAVWaveletDWTSubbandLength(), QccWAVWaveletDWT1D(),
QccWAVWaveletInverseDWT1D(), QccWAVWaveletDWT2D(), and
QccWAVWaveletInverseDWT2D()). These routines implement critically sampled
DWTs which can be performed using either even- or odd-phase subsampling at
each scale of decomposition. The usual method, and the approach previously
taken in QccPack, is to assume even-phase subsampling for each decomposition.
The interfaces for these routines have been augmented with a
subsample_pattern parameter (or, in the case of 2D transforms,
subsample_pattern_row and subsample_pattern_col parameters) that allow the
selection of even- or odd-phase subsampling at each scale of decomposition;
see QccWAVWaveletDWT1D(3) for how the subsampling-pattern value is specified.
Using subsample_pattern = 0 specifies that even-phase subsampling is to be
used for all decompositions, corresponding to the previous operation.
Unfortunately, the addition of the subsample_pattern parameter to the
interface to these routines breaks all existing code using these routines ---
the fix is to add the appropriate subsample_pattern parameter with value 0 to
existing calls to these routines. The advantages of the addition of this
parameter is that now the critically sampled DWTs have enhanced
interoperability with the overcomplete RDWT. Specifically, an RDWT can be
decomposed via QccWAVWaveletRedundantDWT1DSubsample(3) into its constituent
critically sampled DWTs which may then be independently inverted using
QccWAVWaveletInverseDWT1D(3).
In another change that is not backward-compatible,
QccWAVSubbandPyramidSubbandResolution() has been renamed
QccWAVSubbandPyramidSubbandSize(), which should more accurately reflect
the true operation of the function, since resolution is somewhat of
an ambiguous term when it comes to wavelet decompositions.
Fixed-point arithmetic has replaced floating-point arithmetic in tarp.c,
permitting much improved execution speed without any noticeable loss
of rate-distortion performance.
QccIMGImageRead() and QccIMGWrite() have been modified to attempt to
automatically determine the input/output image filetype, including
ICP-format images.
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Version 0.41:
The tarp-filter (Simard, Steinkraus, & Malvar, 2002) image coder
has been added.
QccENTArithmeticModel has been modified to support both adaptive as well
as nonadaptive arithmetic coding, whereas, previously, only adaptive models
were supported. With a nonadaptive coder, one can explicitly change the
symbol probabilities with a call to the new
QccENTArithmeticSetModelProbabilities(3) function. By default, a model is
created as an adaptive model, so existing code will be unaffected by this
change.
In the wavelet-transform routines, the parameter start_odd has been
replaced by the more general parameter, signal_origin. This change has to
do with the phase of the the DWT. In a single-scale decomposition, there
are two phases, even and odd; these refer to the phase of the subsampling
with respect to the zero index of the signal. If the signal is assumed to
start at some other index (as is often the case when considering
shape-adaptive transforms), then the phase of the origin must be taken
into account to determine the proper subsampling pattern. For each
additional scale of decomposition increases the number of possible
subsampling patterns by a factor of two (i.e., even or odd at each scale).
The old parameter, start_odd, allowed one to select between only two of the
possible subsampling patterns. By specifying the origin of the signal, the
phase of the origin can be determined, permitting all possible subsampling
patterns to be achieved. In most cases, the origin is zero, and this is
backward compatible with the start_odd = 0 specification used before.
Consequently, most existing code should be unaffected by this change.
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Version 0.40:
Subsampling of redundant DWTs can now produce any one of the multitude
of sets of coefficients that are equivalent to some critically sampled
DWT. That is, a subsample_pattern parameter has been added to both
QccWAVWaveletRedundantDWT1DSubsample() (1D subsampling) and
QccWAVWaveletRedundantDWT2DSubsample() (2D subsampling). In both of
these routines, subsample_pattern = 0 will reproduce the prior
functionality of the routine.
A number of bug fixes relevant to Cygwin support have been made.
Adaptive Golomb coding, a simple entropy-coding technique, has been
added.
The Wavelet Difference Reduction (WDR) (Tian & Wells, 1998) image coder
has been added.
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Version 0.39:
QccPack now officially supports installation on Microsoft Windows
platforms through use of the Cygwin UNIX emulation environment. The README
file now has detailed information pertaining to Cygwin-based installation.
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Version 0.38:
Minor bug fixes.
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Version 0.37:
Minor changes to Solaris build configuration (allows using gcc).
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Version 0.36:
Added hue, saturation, value (HSV) color conversion, an example
Reed-Solomon encoding program, and a variety of bug fixes.
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Version 0.35:
Corrected several bugs, most notably in QccWAVWaveletInverseRedundantDWT2D().
The previous version of this routine did not have a correct
implementation. Additionally, several memory leaks and other various
bugs have been corrected.
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Version 0.34:
1D and 2D redundant discrete wavelet transforms (RDWTs) have been added.
The RDWT is an implementation of a overcomplete, or over-sampled, wavelet
expansion, as opposed to the usual critically sampled DWT. Commonly
implemented via the "algorithme a trous" as described by Dutilleux,
we use the "alternative" implementation due to Shensa. Although it is
unlikely that a RDWT could be useful directly in compression applications
due to its oversampled representation, the RDWT is commonly used
in feature detection and similar operations that could be useful
in guiding compression tasks.
Arguments start_odd_row and start_odd_col have been added to
QccWAVWaveletAnalysis2D(), QccWAVWaveletSynthesis2D(), QccWAVWaveletDWT2D(),
QccWAVWaveletInverseDWT2D(), and similar fields have been added also to
the QccWAVSubbandPyramid structure. These values generalize the start_odd
values passed to QccWAVWaveletDWT1D() and like functions. In order to
achieve functionality identical to that of previous versions of QccPack,
simply set start_odd_row and start_odd_col to zero.
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Version 0.33:
Mostly minor bug fixes.
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Version 0.32:
Mostly minor bug fixes.
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Version 0.31:
QccPack now optionally supports use in multithreaded applications.
Currently, QccPack does not make use of threads internally; however,
if thread support is enabled when compiling the library, an
application program can invoke QccPack functions within multiple
threads simultaneously. In order to use QccPack in a multithreaded
application, it is necessary to compile QccPack with thread support
enabled and link against the pthreads library. If the multithreaded
capability is not desired, then there is no dependence on pthreads.
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Version 0.30:
Mostly minor bug fixes.
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Version 0.29:
Man-page documentation has been completed for the arithmetic-coding
routines in QccPackENT. Additionally, several QccPack.config files
tailored specifically to various operating systems have been added.
Hopefully, these system-specific configuration files will facilitate
the building of QccPack on the more popular operating systems by
setting up various compiler settings in a most likely correct
manner. This should enable building with shared libraries on these
systems, the most common difficulty faced by many users.
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Version 0.28:
A shape-adaptive DWT (SA-DWT) has been added. In short, SA-DWT capability
permits the transformation of arbitrarily shaped regions in images.
In QccPack, these regions are indicated by a transparency mask; SA-DWT
transforms only non-transparent regions in the image, applying
appropriate extension at the boundaries of the regions. In related
changes, the lifting code for the CohenDaubechiesFeauveau.9-7.lft
wavelet has been modified to allow starting on odd-indexed samples and
odd-length sequences. Additionally, the filter-bank implementation code
was similarly modified. The net result is that the
CohenDaubechiesFeauveau.9-7.lft wavelet, as well as any biorthogonal
filter-bank wavelet, can be used in the SA-DWT (in previous versions,
only the CohenDaubechiesFeauveau.5-3.lft would have worked). A final
implication of the addition of the SA-DWT is that, for any
biorthogonal wavelet, the size of the image is no longer required
to be an integer multiple of a power of two, even for the usual
(i.e., rectangularly shaped) dyadic DWT. We note that SA-DWTs have been
recently included in Version 2 of the MPEG-4 standard, wherein they are
used for texture coding of arbitrarily shaped still objects. The SA-DWT
implementation differs slightly from that of the MPEG-4 standard;
see QccWAVWaveletShapeAdaptiveDWT1D(3) for details.
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Version 0.27:
When inputting and outputting binary data using the QccBitBuffer
structure, the order of the bits stored for a byte of data has
been reversed. That is, QccBitBufferPutChar() and QccBitBufferGetChar()
now output/input bits in the same order as would be done if one
were to write/read whole byte-aligned characters via fputc() or fgetc().
In this sense, if a QccBitBuffer structure is used to output
byte-aligned data bit-by-bit, you'd get the same thing as if you
output the data byte-by-byte using fputc(). The unfortunate consequence
of this change is that bitstreams are not backward compatible. That is,
bitstreams generated via Version 0.27 of QccPack will not be readable
by earlier versions, *nor* will bitstreams generated by earlier versions
be readable by QccPack Version 0.27. This will affect mainly code
using arithmetic coding or Huffman coding, such as srencode, sfqencode,
and the routines of the QccPackSPIHT module. We are sorry for any
inconvenience resulting from this change, but it appeared to be in the
best long-term interest of the QccPack project to make the
QccBitBuffer bit ordering more sane.
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Version 0.26:
With this release, Huffman coding makes its debut in QccPack. Huffman
coding routines, complete with encoding, decoding, and Huffman code table
design have been added, based upon the implementations suggested in
the Annexes of the JPEG standard.
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Version 0.25:
The interfaces to QccENTArithmeticEncodeStart() and
QccENTArithmeticDecodeStart() have been changed. Now, one can specify a
target number of bits to be output/input by the arithmetic coder/decoder.
That is, QccENTArithmeticEncode() will now return a value of 2 when the
number of bits output meets (or exceeds) the value of target_num_bits
set when QccENTArithmeticEncodeStart() was first called. To disable this
check, pass QCCENT_ANYNUMBITS as target_num_bits to
QccENTArithmeticEncodeStart(). A similar effect is available for decoding,
with QccENTArithmeticDecode() returning an error code if the end of
the file is reached, or the number of bits read meets (or exceeds)
the value of target_num_bits set during the call to
QccENTArithmeticDecodeStart(). These changes necessitate a small change
to existing code -- add a value for target_num_bits to all calls to
QccENTArithmeticEncodeStart() and QccENTArithmeticDecodeStart(), using the
value QCCENT_ANYNUMBITS to preserve previous functionality.
A related change adds QccENTArithmeticEncodeFlush(), which forces the
arithmetic coder to flush its state and output subsequent bits on the
next byte boundary, and QccENTArithmeticDecodeRestart(), which forces
the arithmetic decoder restart its state and read the next bits from
the next byte boundary. Using these functions, multiple independent
arithmetic codings can be written to and read from the same bitstream;
i.e., using just one QccBitBufferStart() and QccBitBufferEnd() pair.
More detailed documentation of this behavior will be available once
man pages for the libQccPackENT section of the code get written
(hopefully soon!).
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Version 0.24:
Documentation has been added for the QccWAVZerotree data structure and the
ZT file format.
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Version 0.23:
Minor build changes which should be transparent to users and developers.
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Version 0.22:
Minor build changes which should be transparent to users and developers.
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Version 0.21:
The only change made in this version is that the SPIHT code has been
removed from the "main" QccPack distribution and placed in a separate,
optional module that must be downloaded separately. This change arose
from concerns that QccPack was not "purely" GPL/LGPL, in its entirety,
due to the special non-GPL licensing accompanying the SPIHT code.
With SPIHT now in the QccPackSPIHT module, the main QccPack distribution
is now completely GPL/LGPL with the module being covered by the special
SPIHT license as before. We hope that the downloading a separate
module-distribution file and the corresponding minor additional
configuration step needed to build QccPack with SPIHT support will not
unduly burden users of the QccPack SPIHT implementation. We hope
that other algorithms which may similarly require non-GPL licensing, or
otherwise best be kept separated from the main QccPack distribution, may
be accommodated as additional modules in the future.
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Version 0.20:
The first argument to QccInit() has been changed from a pointer-to-int to
int. That is, the prototype of QccInit is now
void QccInit(int argc, char *argv[]);
This reflects the current situation that argc is not changed by QccInit()
(in the past argc could have been changed during a call to an initialization
routine of the NetPBM libraries. However, QccPack does not currently use
NetPBM, so argc will not be changed).
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Version 0.19:
Small changes to the QccPack code have been made so that compilation with
'gcc -Wall' produces no warning messages. These changes have been, in the
most part, very minor. The only exception is that the function QccExit()
has now been made into a macro (this is so that gcc would see an explicit
'exit' from the main() routine and not complain about its absence). Thus,
in non-QccPack programs invoking QccExit, a change from "QccExit();" to
"QccExit;" will be most likely be necessary. Note that the -Wall switch
has now been added to the CFLAGS declaration in QccPack.config and we
recommend using this declaration to build QccPack.
The behavior of several "copy" routines has been changed, namely,
QccIMGImageComponentCopy(), QccFilterCopy(),
QccDatasetCopy(), and QccWAVVectorFilterCopy(). This routines will now
automatically allocate space if the data structure has a NULL pointer
for its data array. If non-NULL, the space of sufficient size is assumed
to be allocated prior to calling the routine (this was the previous
behavior).
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Version 0.18:
Fixes a couple of bugs; no new features added
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Version 0.17:
The first "official" release of the SPIHT algorithm for wavelet-based image
coding has been added. The SPIHT algorithm has been made available by
the gracious permission of PrimaComp, Inc., the exclusive holders of patent
rights to the SPIHT algorithm. The SPIHT implementation here is licensed
only for academic or non-commercial research activities and thus covered
under licensing terms different from the rest of QccPack, which is
covered under GPL/LGPL. See the file LICENSE-SPIHT for details on the
SPIHT license.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Version 0.16:
A preliminary implementation of the SPIHT algorithm for wavelet-based image
coding has been added. Documentation to follow in a subsequent release.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Version 0.15:
Fixes a couple of bugs; no new features added
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Version 0.14:
QccVQVectorQuantization() and QccVQEntropyConstrained() now have a
distortion_measure function as an optional argument to allow users to use
distortion measures other than squared error (which is now the default for
these routines). Of course, VQ training via the Lloyd algorithm must make
use of an appropriate "centroid" calculation routine (the centroid being
theoretically valid only for the squared-error distortion measure).
QccVQGeneralizedLloydTraining() now has an optional centroid_calculation
function argument for such user-defined centroid calculations.
Multistage VQ (MSVQ, also known as residual VQ or RVQ) has been added,
along with an associated QccVQMultiStageCodebook data type.
Some changes have been made to the lifting wavelet code. The biorthogonal
CohenDaubechiesFeauveau.5-3.lft lifting scheme (i.e., linear lifting), and
its associated filter-bank implementation, have been added.
In addition, DWT via lifting adds support for odd-length sequences and
sequences that start with an odd, rather than even, sample. Currently,
this odd-length and/or odd-start operation is supported only for the
CohenDaubechiesFeauveau.5-3.lft lifting scheme, but may be extended to
other lifting wavelets in the future.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Version 0.13:
QccPack no longer relies on NetPBM libraries to read/write PBM/PGM/PPM
files. Since compiling the NetPBM package was often a pain (at best),
removing dependence on these libraries makes installing QccPack much easier
on systems that don't already have NetPBM installed. PBM/PGM/PPM
reading/writing routines are now built-in to QccPack.
QccInit() is now to be called as the *first* command in main() of all
programs that use the QccPack library routines. This is different from
past versions of QccPack in which QccInit() was called after
QccParseParameters().
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Version 0.12:
The libQccPackWAV library routines and utilities, at long last, have been
completely overhauled. Before, only filter-bank implementations of
biorthogonal wavelets were allowed. With this latest release,
orthonormal wavelets are now permitted. In addition, lifting
implementations (which are quite a bit faster than their filter-bank
counterparts) have been hardcoded into the library for a couple of the
more popular wavelets. The FIL file format no longer exists, having
been replaced by the FBK format. Unfortunately, very little of the
update code retains backward compatibility with previous versions -- alas,
such is the price of progress.
==============================================================================